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Kwanan nan, “carbon neutrality” ya zama babban batu na hadin gwiwa a duniya wajen tafiyar da al'amuran yanayi da muhalli. Amurka, Tarayyar Turai, Birtaniya, Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Singapore da sauransu 50 kasashen sun sanar da cimma nasara “carbon neutrality” a tsakiyar karni na 21st. Kasar Sin ta kuma sanar da cewa, za ta yi kokarin cimma kololuwar hayakin CO2 ta hanyar 2030 da carbon neutrality by 2060. Wannan yana nufin China, a matsayin kasa mai tasowa mafi girma a duniya, zai cimma mafi girman raguwar yawan iskar carbon a duniya, wanda babu shakka zai zama fada mai tsauri.
“Carbon tsaka tsaki” ya zama wani gagarumin yunkuri da ya mamaye duniya, dukkan tukwane na gargajiya, sanitary ware masana'antu, babu shakka babban kalubale ne. A kasar Sin bana, “zaman biyu”, “carbon kololuwa” “carbon tsaka tsaki” an rubuta a cikin rahoton aikin gwamnati a karon farko. “Carbon tsaka tsaki” zai zama batun masana'antar tsabtace muhalli waɗanda ba za su iya kewaye ba. A halin yanzu, Wasu masana'antun tsafta sun kasance masu sayayya a cikin tsarin ci gaban kasuwanci.
A karshen watan Maris na wannan shekara, da Tianjin Emissions Exchange da United Equatorial bayan wani m kima, Ƙaddamar da cewa babban kuɗin kasuwancin Arrow Home ya samo asali ne daga ɓangaren masana'antar kore. Arrow Home ya ce, zai taimaka wa tattalin arzikin kasar Sin ya zama mai ceton makamashi, kare muhalli, kore da ƙananan-carbon canji, cimma manufar dabarun “carbon kololuwa, carbon tsaka tsaki”, da kuma yin aikin kare muhalli, tanadin makamashi da rage fitar da hayaki da sauran nauyin zamantakewa.
Kungiyar Lixil ta Japan ta sanar a watan Afrilu cewa tsire-tsire a Da Nang, Vietnam, Jiangmen, China da Monterrey, Mexico sun zama tsaka tsaki na carbon. Wannan yana nufin cewa duk shuke-shuke takwas a cikin sassan kera fayil ɗin yanzu sun kasance tsaka tsaki na carbon. A baya Lisil Group tsire-tsire a cikin Hemer, Lahr, Kofar Westfalica, Albergaria da Klaeng sun zama tsaka tsaki na carbon a watan Afrilu 2020.
Tasirin “carbon tsaka tsaki” akan kasuwancin gidan wanka yana da mahimmanci, musamman masana'antar bandaki za su fuskanci babban canji a yadda ake samar da makamashi. A cewar kungiyar masana'antar yumbura ta Turai, EU yumbu masana'antun lissafi don 23% na duniya yumbu samar, yumbu samar da darajar 28 Yuro biliyan. Masana'antar yumbura ta Turai tushen makamashi shine iskar gas da wutar lantarki, lissafin kudi 85 kashi dari, 15 kashi dari. Don cimmawa “carbon tsaka tsaki” dole ne a bar iskar gas, ko da yake wasu masu tsara manufofin suna ba da shawarar goyan baya ga samar da wutar lantarki ta Turai decarbonization, masana'antar yumbu daga iskar gas zuwa kiln lantarki, ba mafita ba ce ta tattalin arziki a halin yanzu da nan gaba.
Kungiyar masana'antar yumbura ta Turai ta yi imanin cewa hanya mafi inganci don rage hayakin mai don konewa mai zafi shine maye gurbin iskar gas da gas ko syngas daga sharar kwayoyin halitta ko kwayoyin halitta., da kuma sake fasalin kilns da ke akwai. Duk da haka, iskar gas na yanzu yana da tsada sosai, 2-3 sau ya fi tsada fiye da iskar gas.
Ƙungiyar ta yi imanin cewa idan burin don 2050 shi ne a yi watsi da amfani da iskar gas a babban sikeli don neman iskar gas, syngas ko wasu hanyoyin makamashi masu sabuntawa, masana'antun yumbu suna buƙatar tabbatar da dorewa, ba tare da katsewa ba kuma mai araha damar yin amfani da waɗannan madadin man fetur da fasahar abin dogaro. Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda dole ne kilns su ci gaba da aiki da ƙarfi kuma ba za a iya dakatar da su ba saboda matsalolin samar da makamashi.
Mahimman fasahohin da ƙungiyar masana'antar yumbu ta Turai ke gani a matsayin ci gaba ga masana'antar yumbu a nan gaba
Yunkurin da Turai ke yi na samar da fasahar wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin carbon da za ta rage hayakin carbon daga masana'antar yumbu ba zai yi tasiri sosai ba har sai 2050. Yawancin iskar carbon da ke samar da yumbu sun samo asali ne daga mai, kuma ana buƙatar ƙarin ingantattun matakai da fasahar ci gaba. Bugu da kari, rage fitar da iskar carbon daga hanyoyin konewa ya kasance babban kalubale a wasu wuraren. Haɓaka farashi ga kamfanoni masu amfani da ƙananan fasahar wutar lantarki ba makawa za su yi tasiri sosai kan gasa a duniya na masana'antar yumbura ta Turai..
Saboda wannan dalili, Cerame-Unie ya ƙirƙiri samfurin rage hayaƙi wanda ke kwatanta yuwuwar raguwar da za a iya samu tsakanin 1990 kuma 2050. Ƙididdigar ƙirar ƙididdiga ta dogara ne akan ainihin bayanan da aka fitar daga tubali, rufin rufin, bango da bene tile yumbu masana'antu, wanda lissafin game da 90% na jimillar hayaƙin masana'antar yumbu.
Samfurin rage watsi da CO2 1990-2050 (A: kiln rashin wutar lantarki B: wutar lantarki)
Bisa ga wannan samfurin, Masana'antar yumbura ta EU za ta buƙaci samun ci gaba da fasaha, amintacciyar hanyar samar da mai da taimakon kuɗi don cimma burin rage hayaƙi mai kama da waɗanda EU ta tsara. Wannan saboda samar da yumbu dole ne ya buƙaci shigar da makamashi. Bugu da kari, akwai sauran kalubale.
Ƙungiyar Masana'antu ta Turai ta nuna cewa EU “carbon tsaka tsaki” dole ne a aiwatar da yarjejeniyar sauyin yanayi ta ƙasa da ƙasa bisa doka don magance ɗabi'ar masu fafatawa da masana'antar yumbura ta Turai kamar ƙasashen BRICS., Ƙasar Masar, Mexico, Kudu maso gabashin Asiya da sauran ƙasashe kamfanonin yumbu don gujewa “carbon yayyo.
