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Malinga ndi data ya International Energy Agency IEA, kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu padziko lonse lapansi kudzakhudza kwambiri lotsatira 20 zaka za kufunikira kwa mineral.
Malinga ndi kukhitchini ndi bafa, pakadali pano, mphamvu yayikulu yomanga fakitale yazadothi yaukhondo ndi gasi, magetsi, mafuta, malasha, ng'anjo za gasi, ndi zida zina zogawa, mikono yamakina, mizere yotumizira ndi zida zina zazikulu zowonongera mphamvu. Mafakitole angapo apadera a ceramic adzagwiritsa ntchito ng'anjo zowotchedwa ndi mafuta. Zhejiang Longquan tsiku ndi tsiku ntchito zadothi fakitale mbali ya ntchito kilns magetsi. Malinga ndi injiniya wamkulu Long Guangcan, mu 1970s, China ili ndi mabizinesi akuluakulu ochepa omwe ayesa ng'anjo yamagetsi, koma sikelo ndi yaying'ono. Mng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi danga laling'ono, ndipo ng'anjo ndi yowonda. Pakadali pano, mabizinesi ankhondo ndi mabizinesi ena ogwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku amakhalapo chodabwitsa chogwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi..
Kutengera kupsinjika kwapadziko lonse lapansi komanso kupsinjika kwa gasi, kumapeto kwa February chaka chino, mtengo wa gasi wa m’mafakitale unakwerapo 6.55 yuan / kyubu. Monga mtengo waukulu wazogulitsa zamafakitale owononga mphamvu monga kumanga zoumba zaukhondo komanso ndalama zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide zimakhudza kwambiri mpikisano wamakampani.. Kuchokera pakuwona kwa decarbonization ya kapangidwe ka mafakitale, njira zina ndi zokhazikika zolumikizirana zimafunikira, motero kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta amakono (gasi kapena malasha). Choncho, kuwonjezera pa chitukuko cha CO2 kujambula ndi kugwiritsanso ntchito njira, magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa (mphamvu ya photovoltaic, haidrojeni) idzatengedwa ngati njira yayikulu yokwaniritsira decarbonization popanga zinthu za ceramic.
Wapampando wa Arrow Home Group ndi manejala wamkulu Xie Yurong adanenanso izi 2010 Msonkhano wapachaka wa China Building and Sanitary Ceramics Association, kulowa munyengo yobiriwira ya mpweya wochepa wamakampani omanga ndi aukhondo ndizovuta kwambiri, komanso mwayi. Ngati simungathe kudutsa chopinga ichi, akhoza kuthetsedwa; ngati wadutsa, kampaniyo idzatha kupeza chitukuko chokhazikika.
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Mabizinesi akunyumba kuti asinthe mwachangu mphamvu zoyera
Ma projekiti angapo a photovoltaic akuyenera kukhazikitsidwa 2022
Mzaka zaposachedwa, wamkulu wamakampani apanyumba akufufuza za “Ulamuliro wosalowerera ndale”. Zochitazi zimawonetsedwa makamaka muzinthu zingapo monga kusintha kwa mphamvu, kusintha kwa digito ndi kusintha kwa chain chain.
Mu kupanga mphamvu ya photovoltaic, Gulu la Arrow Home, China Kohler, Huida bafa, ZAKE., Malingaliro a kampani Dongpeng Holdings, H & Gulu la G, Monarch sanitaryware ndi makampani ena ambiri adayamba kulowa mumsewu wosinthira mphamvu.
Chigawo cha Shandong chili ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi m'chigawochi. Chifukwa cha zinthu zabwino zowunikira pano, kuyambira koyambirira, zolepheretsa otsika kulowa mabizinesi, ntchito za boma zomwe zilipo ndi zina, mabizinesi ambiri am'deralo mu 2013 anayamba kuyala photovoltaic mphamvu zomera, kuphatikiza zoumba za Dezhou za Lehua.
Kumapeto kwa June 2013, ntchito zingapo zamabizinesi, kuphatikiza Dezhou a Lehua Ceramics 1628 kW kugawa PV power project. Kupyolera mu kuvomereza kwa State Grid Dezhou Power Supply Company yolumikizidwa mwalamulo ndi gridi yamagetsi ya Dezhou, adakhala pulojekiti yoyamba yamagetsi ya PV ku Dezhou kulumikizidwa ku gridi.
Pamapeto pa 2018, Magulu a Arrow Home “3025kWp Pulojekiti Yothetsera Umphawi ya PV ya Nanxiong Lehua Ceramic Factory”, EPC yopangidwa ndi China Energy Construction Group Guangdong Thermal Power Transmission and Transformation Engineering Company, idalumikizidwanso bwino ndi gululi. Nanxiong Lehua ceramic fakitale anagawira photovoltaic polojekiti ndi ndalama okwana kuposa 20 miliyoni yuan, akukonzekera kugawidwa m'madera anayi a photovoltaic. Magetsi onse opangidwa ndi fakitale ya Lehua ceramics kuti amwe, mphamvu zowonjezera pa intaneti. Pambuyo pa kumaliza ntchitoyo, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti okwana mphamvu kupanga mu 25 zaka zimatha kufika 75,041,420,000 kWh, kupulumutsa 23,200 matani a malasha wamba ndi kuchepetsa 6,927.5 matani a mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide.
Monga denga lalikulu kwambiri logawira magetsi a photovoltaic pofuna kuthetsa umphawi kumpoto kwa Guangdong, ntchitoyo ikatha, imatha kukhathamiritsa dongosolo lamagetsi amagetsi, kuchepetsa kupanikizika kwa chitetezo cha chilengedwe, kulimbikitsa chitukuko chokhazikika cha chuma cha m'deralo ndikuthandizira kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa utsi m'derali.
Shaoguan Nanxiong City Lehua Ceramic Sanitary Ware Factory
Ma solar a chomera cha Kohler ku Shanghai amalizidwanso ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito. Zimanenedwa kuti mu 2021, chaka chathunthu chopanga mphamvu zochulukirapo kuposa 150,000 maola kilowatt akhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa za ofesi ndi gawo la kupanga magetsi. Monga kampani yamitundu yambiri komanso gulu lochita bwino kwambiri lokhazikika, Chitsanzo cha kasamalidwe ka zomera padziko lonse cha Kohler ndichofunika kuphunzirapo. A Kohler akuti adatengera njira yoyendetsera mbewu padziko lonse lapansi. Kumayambiriro kwa 2022, Foshan Kohler fakitale idzakhala pakompyuta yake pamutuwu “mu 2022 kukhala fakitale yabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ya Kohler ndi China pamsika wa ceramics”.
Kohler fakitale ku Sanshui, Gulutha
Malingaliro a kampani Shanghai Kohler Electronics Co., Ltd.
H&Gulu la G Group Foshan H&Ghus yemwe maso a Hhe Wyay Wy Wy Wy Wy., Ltd. nayenso anayamba kugona 25,000 masikweya mita a denga la monocrystalline 2565.12kWp magetsi olumikizidwa ndi gridi a photovoltaic mu 2019. ndi Huida, kudzera mu kampani yake yothandizira, yamanga mapulojekiti amagetsi a PV m'mafakitole awiri okhala ndi mphamvu yofikira ma megawati asanu ndi awiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, mu 2022, mapulojekiti angapo a PV adavomerezedwa ku Rose Island, Ocean Sanitary Ware, Chaozhou Jiuhao Sanitary Ware ndi Kaiping Jiyu Sanitary Ware. Rose Island (Taishan) Malingaliro a kampani Bathroom Technology Co., Ltd., Ltd. ali ndi ndalama zonse za 29.94 miliyoni yuan. Ili ndi sikelo yoyika pafupifupi 6MWp, ndi mwayi wochepa wamagetsi. Amagwiritsa ntchito kudzipangira okha, mphamvu zowonjezera pa intaneti zogawidwa padenga la photovoltaic magetsi opangira magetsi. Magetsi opangidwa makamaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Rose Island ndipo akuyembekezeka kupanga pafupifupi 5.8 miliyoni kWh pachaka.
Panthawiyi, gawo lachitatu la 1250KW logawa magetsi opanga magetsi a Guangdong Ocean Sanitary Ware Co.. Ndalama zawo zonse ndi 7.5 miliyoni yuan, ndi okwana anaika mphamvu za 1250KW. amagwiritsa ntchito “m'badwo wokha, surplus mphamvu pa intaneti” chitsanzo, ndipo zikuyembekezeredwa kuti kupanga magetsi kungathe kutengeka 70% wa zomera. Mu chomera, denga lomwe lilipo ndi malo otseguka ndi 166,200 mita lalikulu, ndi malo oyika ndi 12,000 mita lalikulu. Ili ndi moyo wopanga mphamvu 25 zaka. Zida zoyikapo zimaphatikizapo ma inverters, makabati ogawa, Zithunzi za PV, ndi zina. Ma module a PV amapangidwa ndi silicon ya monocrystalline.
Malingaliro a kampani Guangdong Jiuhao Sanitary Ware Co., Ltd., Ltd. 251.64kw kugawidwa padenga la photovoltaic mphamvu yopanga magetsi ali ndi ndalama zonse 1,119,700 yuan, ndipo mphamvu yopangidwa imadzipangira yokha ndipo mphamvu yowonjezera imayikidwa pa intaneti. Avereji ya mphamvu yopangira mphamvu ya polojekitiyi pachaka ndi 317,900 kWh; ndi kupanga mkombero wa 25 zaka, ikhoza kupulumutsa 104.27 matani a malasha wamba ndi kuchepetsa 316.93 matani a carbon dioxide pachaka pafupifupi.
Ndalama zonse za 80.08KWP zogawira pulojekiti yopangira mphamvu ya photovoltaic ya Kaiping Jiayu Sanitary Ware Industry Co., Ltd. ndi 300,000 RMB, kugwiritsa ntchito 208 zidutswa za monocrystalline silicon 385W photovoltaic modules. Inverter yolumikizidwa ndi gridi ya 80KW ndi zida zake zofananira zimalumikizidwa ndi gridi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yodzipangira yokha komanso yodzigwiritsira ntchito yotsalira yamagetsi..
Ponena za mphamvu ya haidrojeni, malinga ndi khitchini ndi bafa zambiri, Diou Home komanso Mona Lisa ayambitsanso kuyesera. Pa Seputembala 24, 2021, Diou Home adati mu nsanja yolumikizirana ndi omwe amagulitsa ndalama kuti ayesetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyera popanga ndikuwunikanso zina..
Pa Marichi basi 23, 2022, Bungwe la National Development and Reform Commission ndi National Energy Administration mothandizana adapereka Pulani Yanthawi Yapakatikati ndi Yanthawi Yaitali yopititsa patsogolo Makampani a Mphamvu za Hydrogen. (2021-2035). Dongosololi limamveketsa bwino mphamvu za hydrogen monga gawo lofunikira la dongosolo lamphamvu ladziko lamtsogolo. Tiyenera kupereka masewera athunthu ku mawonekedwe oyera komanso otsika kaboni amphamvu ya haidrojeni ndikulimbikitsa kusintha kwa zobiriwira komanso kutsika kwa kaboni., mafakitale ndi malo ena ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndi mafakitale owononga kwambiri komanso otulutsa mpweya wambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, zikuwonekeratu kuti mphamvu ya haidrojeni ndiyo njira yofunika kwambiri yamafakitale omwe akubwera. Iyi ndi malo atsopano opangira makina opanga mafakitale obiriwira komanso otsika kwambiri ndikupanga kusintha kwa mafakitale ndi kukweza.
Malinga ndi IHS Markit Power, Kugulitsa kwapachaka kwapachaka pamakampani opanga mphamvu ya hydrogen kukuyembekezeka kupitilira $1 biliyoni ndi 2023. Komabe ngakhale mtengo wopanga haidrojeni watsika 40%. Zikuyembekezeka kugwa mopitilira 40% mwa 2025, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri. Mtengo waukulu umachokera ku mtengo wa njira yopangira hydrogen ndi mtengo wa zida.
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Vuto la kupezeka kwa zida zamagetsi munthawi ya mliri
Malinga ndi International Energy Agency IEA, zomwe zilipo panopa komanso ndondomeko zoyendetsera ndalama zazinthu zambiri zazikulu sizingathe kuthandizira msonkhano wofulumira wa mphamvu yoyika mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi mphepo yamagetsi mu nthawi yochepa.. Malinga ndi kugawidwa kwa zinthu padziko lonse lapansi, mchere wambiri umachokera kwa opanga ochepa. Mwachitsanzo, mu nkhani ya lithiamu, cobalt ndi mayiko osowa, opanga atatu apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi amalamulira zoposa magawo atatu mwa magawo atatu a zopanga zapadziko lonse lapansi. Izi mkulu malo ndende, nthawi yayitali yoyambira migodi yatsopano, kuchepa kwa zinthu zachigawo, komanso zovuta zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu zimayambitsa tsogolo lazinthu zodalirika komanso zokhazikika zazachilengedwe.. Ndipo zopangira izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga ndi kusintha kwamphamvu.
Mphamvu zazikulu padziko lonse lapansi
Komabe, kupanikizika kuchokera ku zipangizo sikudzangokhudza decarbonization, komanso ndondomeko ya digito. Kupanga kwamakono kwa zida zama digito monga mafoni am'manja kumakhudza pafupifupi 40 zinthu zochokera ku periodic table, zina zomwe zilipo zosakwana 0.001% za zonse zomwe zili m'gulu la dziko lapansi. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa European Commission, ukadaulo wa digito uli ndi pafupifupi tebulo lonse la periodic la zinthu zomwe mkuwa, galium, germanium, golidi, izi, tantalum, China (41%) ndi mayiko aku Africa (30%) ndi omwe amapereka.
Kuperewera kwa semiconductors, mbali inayi, zikuchulukirachulukira kuchepetsa mphamvu zopangira zida zamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi, zokhala ndi tanthauzo lofunikira pakufalikira kwamakampani opanga mwanzeru makamaka. Malinga ndi Alicia Valero, pulofesa waukadaulo wamakina ku yunivesite ya Zaragoza komanso director of the Industrial Ecology Group ku CIRCE Institute., zinthu zofunika kwambiri zamagetsi, monga siliva, cadmium, kobala, Chromium, mtovu, izi, lithiamu, manganese, nickel, tsogoza, pulatinamu, tellurium kapena zinc, atha kukhala pachiwopsezo chazovuta kuyambira pano mpaka pano 2050, zomwe zidzayika kusintha kwa digito m'mavuto.
Munthawi ya mliri wapambuyo pa mliri wolamulidwa ndi kusowa komanso kusatsimikizika, njira yatsopano ya post-COVID-19 ndiyofunikira, ndipo symbiosis yamakampani idzawoneka ngati njira yofunikira ndi makampani ena.
Chiyambi: ITC Competitive Intelligence Unit, International Energy Agency
