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Miao Bin Akadudzira Maitiro eIndasitiri yekugezera In 2021 Uye The Direction Of Development In 2022
Chinyorwa chinotevera chinobva kuChina Building uye Sanitary Ceramics Association Munyori mukuvaka mubatanidzwa weceramic
In 2021, mabhizinesi mazhinji muchivakwa checeramic uye indasitiri yehutsanana akawana ” chando uye moto “. Nekuda kweiyo macro-kutonga kweiyo real estate uye kaviri kabhoni, kaviri kudzora mutemo, kare 2021, mamiriro ehuwandu hweindasitiri mukuvaka ceramic sanitary ware indasitiri yakasanganiswa. Izvi hazvina kunyatsojeka nezve inotevera budiriro mamiriro eindasitiri.
Kare 2021, chii chinochinja muindasitiri yeceramic yakaitika? In 2022, chii chinotevera budiriro yeindasitiri? Pakupera kwegore, China Kuvaka Ceramic Sanitary Ware Indasitiri Media Center, pamwe chete neChina Building Materials, akaita hurukuro naMiao Bin, Mutungamiri weChina Building uye Sanitary Ceramics Association. Akatsanangura kushanda kweindasitiri mu 2021 uye gwara rebudiriro mukati 2022.
Poshi, In 2021, Kubudirira kweIndasitiri Yakagadzikana, Yakagadzikana Uye Inonetseka
2021 ndiro gore rokutanga pashure pokunge China yapinda munzanga yakabudirira zvine mwero, uye zvakare “14Chirongwa cheMakore mashanu” gore rokutanga. China Kuvaka uye Sanitary Ceramics Association yakapihwa gwara rekuvandudza kwekuvaka ceramics uye sanitary ware indasitiri panguva “14Chirongwa cheMakore mashanu”. Aya maonero akaita ongororo yakajairika yekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri mu “Gumi neMatatu-Gore” period. Munguva yegumi nematatu yemakore mashanu, iyo indasitiri yakaita kufambira mberi kukuru mukushandura nzira yekuvandudza, activating endogenous simba, kukurudzira kugadziriswa kwemaitiro, kugadzirisa kukanganisa kwebudiriro, kusimudzira kuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye tekinoroji uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, kukurumidza kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kuburitsa uye kukura kwegirinhi, kukurumidza kukurumidza kubuda, uye kuwedzera kukwikwidzana kwepasi rose. Iyo indasitiri yakaita shanduko huru mukurongeka kwenzvimbo dzekugadzira, tekinoroji michina mwero, bhizinesi-chiyero chimiro, chigadzirwa chimiro, nzira dzekutengesa nezvimwe zvinhu. Zvisinei, pamwe chete nekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri, vakafumurawo matambudziko anotevera: kusakwana kuedza kubvisa kumashure kwekugadzira kugona, R & D hunyanzvi hwekugona kuvandudzwa, kukwanisa kupindura kuchinja kwemusika hakuna simba, etc. Mumusangano weCentral Economic Work Conference uchangoitwa, kutonga kwemamiriro ezvinhu aripo iye zvino kunopindirana nemamiriro chaiwo akatarisana neindasitiri.
CHEKUTANGA, KUDA CONTRACTION. Iko kudiwa kwekuvaka zvigadzirwa zveceramic mu “Gumi neMatatu-Gore” nguva yakasvika pakakwirira. Iko kuvandudza kwechivako checeramic yekugezera indasitiri uye real estate yakabatana zvakanyanya. Kwemakore akawanda kudaro, kupfuurisa 90% kugadzirwa kwenyika kweceramic tile zvigadzirwa zvinoiswa mumusika wepamba. Kubva 2018 pamusoro, kudiwa kwenyika kwematairi eceramic kwakakurumidza kupinda mugero rekudzika, kuwira pasi pasi pemabhiriyoni mapfumbamwe emamita emamita. Yakatenderera inosvika mabhiriyoni masere emamita emamita mumakore mashoma apfuura. Kubva pamaonero emusika wekushandisa weceramic mataira, zviri pachena kuti iyo yenyika real estate market inodiwa iri chibvumirano. Kugadzirwa kwenyika kwehutsanana kwakaramba kwakagadzikana. Kudiwa kwakasimba kubva kumisika yekunze kwakabhadharwa zvishoma nekuda kwekudzikira kwemusika wepasi.
CHECHIPIRI, KUSVIRA HERE. A supply shock inosanganisirwa munzvimbo dzakawanda, kwete chete chivako checeramic sanitary ware indasitiri. Ehe saizvozvo, indasitiri yedu inonzwa yakasimba kwazvo, kutakura dambudziko rekukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi. Pamberi, mutengo wegesi wakachipa kana wava maviri. Panguva yemitengo yakakwirira, dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasvika kudarika yuan manomwe! Mutengo wemarasha wakabva pamazana manomwe kusvika mazana masere emadhora patani pamitengo yakaderera kusvika pamadhora zviuru zvitatu pamutengo wepamusoro.. Uye zvechokwadi, kwaiva nokudimburwa kwemagetsi neganhuriro. Mhedzisiro yekukatyamadzwa kwekupa paindasitiri yakakura kwazvo, zvichikonzera mabhizinesi mazhinji’ purofiti inodzikira kana kurasikirwa.
CHETATU, ZVINOTAURWA ZVAKAZOTAURA ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINHU ZVINENGE ZVINENGE, NDIRO DAMBUDZIKO RINONYANYA NEIndustry. Matambudziko maviri ekutanga ari kutoitika. Yechitatu inobata chivimbo chemunhu wese mugore rinotevera uye nekuvandudza mune ramangwana. Kuvimba kunokosha kupfuura goridhe. Zvichipa fungidziro inopera simba, vanamuzvinabhizinesi vazhinji vari kunetseka nezve tarisiro yebudiriro uye havazive zvekuita. Asi ivo vakanyatsojeka kuti kuderera kunotarisirwa kunoreva kuti ramangwana remusika richadzikira uye chikamu chekeke chideredzwe..
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, kwave a “mheni” chiitiko icho “Evergrande” uye mamwe makambani ezvivakwa akabhadhara mari yavo, izvo zvinokuvadza indasitiri. Makambani mazhinji nevatengesi vakakanganiswa. Indasitiri yedu inogona kukanganiswa nekurasikirwa kweanopfuura mabhiriyoni gumi. Vamwe vanhu vari kuvhunduka uye vari kunetseka: zvichava izvi “rwiyo rwedutu”?
Kumakambani mazhinji, 2021 harisi gore rakanyarara. Iko kukurumidza kuchinja mumusika – ndizvo, kwave kune kuwanda kwemirairo yekugamuchira mufaro nekunakidzwa, asi zvakare takasangana nekuzvidya mwoyo pamusoro penguva yemberi yekusagadzikana kana kutengesa kuri kuderera. Gore risati rapera, mazhinji ekuvakwa kwemabhizinesi eceramic akavharwa, kuratidza kuvhiringidzika uye kumirira-uye-kuona mamiriro emabhizinesi mazhinji egore rinouya.
Kubva pachiyero chenguva, indasitiri yekushanda mamiriro mukati 2021 inopa maitiro ekutanga kupisa uyezve kutonhora. Muhafu yekutanga yegore, indasitiri yekushanda mamiriro aive akanaka, nezvinhu zvitatu. Chinhu chekutanga ndechekuti muhafu yekutanga yegore, dambudziko remumba rakanga rakajeka, plus yaive nguva yechinyakare yekudiwa kwepamusoro. Chepiri, 2021 ndiro gore rekuvhurwa kweChirongwa cheMakore mashanu chegumi nemana. Kazhinji, maererano nemutemo wekuChina wezvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi, hupfumi huchange hune magumo madiki mugore rekuvhurwa kwehurongwa hwemakore mashanu ega ega. Chechitatu, apo hupfumi hwepasi rose huri kusimuka, kudiwa kwekunze kunonyanya kushanda. Mabhizinesi mazhinji anoita kutengeserana kunze kwenyika ari kuputika nemaodha. Ehe saizvozvo, mabhizinesi ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika anewo matambudziko: mutengo wezvigadzirwa, kuwedzera kwemari yekufambisa, kuderera kwakapinza mumapeji epurofiti, etc.
Mushure meMutambo weChirimo gore rino, kudiwa kwemusika kwakasimba munyika yose. Off-season yakauyawo nekuchimbidza. Mumusika muna Chivabvu naChikumi, kutengesa kwaive kwakaderera zvakanyanya. Mushure mekupinda chikamu chechitatu, kunyanya nekukanganisa kwechiitiko cheEvergrande, musika kutengesa zvishoma nezvishoma akapinda mu “nguva yekutonhora”. Mushure mekupinda chikamu chechina, kutengesa kwaitova nehusimbe, uye mabhizinesi munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekugadzira akatanga kumisa kugadzirwa kwemoto.
Mumamiriro emusika anochinja, mabhizinesi anotungamira anowanzo kuita zvakanaka mukubata nekukanganisa kwemusika, uye vachiri kutsvaga kuwedzera huwandu hwekugadzira uye kuwedzera chikamu chemusika. Kukwikwidzana kwavo kuri kuwedzera, kuratidza zvakanakira mabhizinesi makuru mune tekinoroji, capital, Anti-ngozi kugona, etc.
Gore rino, sanitary ware mabhizinesi haanyanyi kukanganiswa nekuchinja kwemusika pane ceramic tile enterprises. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti kudiwa kwese kwemusika wehutsanana kunoramba kwakagadzikana, kana kunyange kuwedzera kuduku, kunyanya musika wepasi rese une kudiwa kwakasimba kweChinese sanitary ware zvigadzirwa. Pamwe pamwe nekudzoreredza zvishoma nezvishoma kwehupfumi hwenyika kubva mukukanganisa kweCOVID-19 denda, mamiriro ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika eChinese sanitary ware mabhizinesi mukati 2021 yakanaka kwazvo.
Kazhinji, iyo yakazara mamiriro ekushanda kweiyo indasitiri yese mu 2021 yakatsiga nekufambira mberi uye yakatsiga nekushushikana.
Chepiri, Makambani Achaita Sei Mu 2022? Kuvhara Iyo Mari Bag, Kurumidza Iyo Yekukurumidza Yekuvandudza Uye Tsvaga Nzvimbo Yako
Pasinei nematambudziko ose, China ine musika mukuru wepasi rose unodiwa. Hupfumi hweChina hune kusimba kwakasimba. Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekusimudzira hupfumi hweChina, tarisiro yebudiriro yeindasitiri ichiri kuvimbisa, asi zvirokwazvo, haasi makambani ese achararama. Mumakore mashoma anotevera, mamiriro emakwikwi e “kupona kwezvakanyanya” zvingava zvakawanda “hutsinye”.
Zvebasa reSangano, tinofanira kuita basa riri nani rebasa, enda kwakadzika mukati mebhizinesi uye nzvimbo yekugadzira kuti unzwisise maitiro ekusimudzira indasitiri, nyatso dzidza uye unzwisise mitemo yehurumende, tungamira bhizinesi kuita sarudzo dzesainzi, uye kutungamira kusimudzira kwakanaka kweindasitiri.
Mu “Hurongwa hweMakore gumi nematatu” period, chinoda kusvika chikamu chimwe muzvina chemabhizimisi eindasitiri yehari akabuda. Mu “Gumi Nemashanu-Gore” period, chikamu chekubvisa chinogona kunge chiri pamusoro. Kunyanya muchirevo chekaviri kabhoni, ichakurumidzisa kuvandudzwa kweindasitiri, asi zvakare zvinoreva kuti kusangana kweindasitiri kuchawedzera nekukurumidza. Iyo indasitiri ichaonekwa mamwe makumi emabhiriyoni emabhizinesi makuru.
Ramangwana rakajeka, mugwagwa unomonereka. Chokwadi ichi chinoita sechinozivikanwa nemunhu wese. Ko musika uchaita sei gore rinouya? Kupona sei panguva dzakaoma? Ichi ndicho chiratidzo chemubvunzo mupfungwa dzevanhu vakawanda uye mhinduro yavanoda kuziva.
Chekutanga, vhara bhegi remari kuitira kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwebhizinesi rekuyerera kwemari. Izvi zvimwe zvakakosha kupfuura chero chimwe chinhu panguva ino. Shoko “Kugadzikana” ndiwo mataurirwo ebasa rehupfumi hwenyika gore rinouya. Nekusava nechokwadi kwakawanda munharaunda yebudiriro, mabhizinesi anofanirwa kushanda zvakadzikama uye kukura zvakadzikama, kunyanya kudzivisa mafungiro eupofu uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kusingakoshi.
Chepiri, tinofanira kuwedzera hutsva, ingave inyanzvi yehunyanzvi, chigadzirwa innovation, kana kuti muenzaniso mutsva. Sangano rave richikurudzira nekusimudzira hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji kwemakore mazhinji. Kubva 2015, yakarongwa gore rega rega muindasitiri kuzivisa uye kuongorora Sainzi neTekinoroji Innovation Award, kutungamira mabhizinesi kuti akurumidze kumhanya kwekuvandudza, kuwedzera hutsva uye kukurudzira kusimudzira kwemhando yepamusoro yeindasitiri.
The ceramic sanitary industry ndeyemunda weimba huru. Kuwedzerwa kwemitsetse yezvigadzirwa uye kuwedzera kweketani yeindasitiri kune “kumba” budiriro inzira yakakosha yekuti mabhizinesi akure nekusimba. Kare, vatengi vanoshandiswa kutenga uye kushandisa chigadzirwa chimwe chete. Iye zvino uye ramangwana rekusimudzira maitiro kutora nzvimbo yese sechigadzirwa. Kana makambani akasaenderana nekuchinja uku kuti asangane nezvinodiwa nevatengi venguva yemberi, vachawira murunyararo. Zvino, tose tinozviona makambani anotungamira ari kuwedzera pfungwa ye “imba huru” nenzira dzakasiyana. Vamwe vanoedza kupinda yese yekuisa, ungano, uye vamwe vanotanga kuita zvinhu zvisingapisi, etc.. Izvi zvinoda kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, chigadzirwa innovation, uye bhizinesi modhi innovation. Pasina hutsva, bhizinesi harizovi nemweya, hapana budiriro yekusimudzira, uye kurasikirwa netsime roupenyu.
Chetatu, kuvandudza zvakanyanya sezvinobvira mwero wedhijitari, kugadzirwa kwakangwara. Sechinyakare indasitiri, ceramic sanitary ware mabhizinesi anotarisana nematambudziko mukutora vashandi uye mutengo wevashandi wakawedzera zvakanyanya.. Matambudziko aya ari kuramba achimisa kusimukira kweindasitiri. Kunyangwe mu “Hurongwa hweMakore gumi nematatu”, iyo per capita yebasa kugadzirwa kweceramic tile mabhizinesi yakawedzera ne 50% uye iyo per capita labor kugadzirwa kwehutsanana Ceramics mabhizinesi akawedzera ne 30%, zvichiri kunetsa kufambirana nekukura kuri kuita hupfumi hwenyika, kure nekuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevashandi kuti vavandudze nzvimbo yekushanda. Maererano ne “14Chirongwa cheMakore mashanu”, iyo per capita yebasa kugadzirwa kwevashandi vese veceramic (kusanganisira matombo ematombo) mabhizinesi anofanira kudarika 1.2 mamiriyoni yuan. Iyo per capita yekushanda kwekushanda kwehutsanana Ceramics mabhizinesi yakapfuura 600,000 yuan, kuwedzera kwe 50% pahwaro hwe “Hurongwa hweMakore gumi nematatu”.
Kutsiviwa kwemuchina ndiyo nzira yekuvandudza kwekuvakira ceramics uye sanitary ware indasitiri. Makore mashoma apfuura, zvaida 200 ku 300 vashandi vemutsara wekugadzira mataira eceramic, asi ikozvino yakanyanyisa yepamusoro yepamba ceramic tile yekugadzira mutsara inongoda chete 50 vanhu. Iyo yazvino mudzimba hutsanana Ceramics yekugadzira mutsara ine zvinopfuura 50% kushanda kushoma pane kwakare. Mamiriro ebasa evashandi akavandudzika zvikuru, uye kubudirira kwevashandi kwakawedzera zvakanyanya. Ehe saizvozvo, mutengo wekudyara mumitsara mitsva yekugadzira zvakare wakakwira zvakanyanya. Mu “13Chirongwa cheMakore mashanu” period, iyo indasitiri yakaita kufambira mberi kukuru mudigitization uye njere, zvichiwedzera kuderedza gap nevekunze advanced level.
Kwemakore, iyo indasitiri yakafambira mberi zvakanyanya, asi isu tinozvizivawo mukaha mukuru uchiripo kana uchienzaniswa nenyika dzakabudirira. Chinonyanya kuoneka chinoratidzwa mukugona kwekuvandudza, kunyanya mukutsvagisa kwekutanga uye kwekutanga kwemakiyi matekinoroji. Pane rimwe divi, mukaha wekugadzira. Ceramic sanitary zvigadzirwa zvese zvinoshanda zvigadzirwa, asiwo vane hunhu hwakasimba hwekushongedza, uye hunhu hwekushongedza hunoita kuti chigadzirwa chiwedzere kukosha. Mumunda wezvigadzirwa zvekushongedza dhizaini, ichiri iyo yeEuropean neAmerica dhizaini pfungwa uye masitaera anotonga. Isu tiri zvakanyanya mukudzidza nekutevera.
Mabhizinesi mazhinji anotarisana nedambudziko rakakura kwazvo – ndizvo, iyo yakawedzerwa kukosha kwechigadzirwa haisi yakakwirira, uye simba rechiratidzo harina kukwana. Kuenzaniswa nevamwe, pane gaka mumhando yechigadzirwa uye ruzivo rwemagadzirirwo. Muzvinhu zvakawanda, mashoko anoratidza kubudirira kana kukundikana, saka tinofanira kusimudzira mweya wehunyanzvi. Tinofanira kugadzikana uye kuita basa rakanaka nezvigadzirwa zvedu. Isu tinofanirwa kuita basa rakanaka rekushandira uye kukwenenzvera mhando. Izvi hazvigoni kuitwa kamwe chete. Iye zvino nyika inokurudzira “specialization uye inokosha itsva”, uye inotsigira kurimwa kwemukwikwidzi mumwe chete weindasitiri, izvo zvinoda kushanda kwakasimba kuti uwane ruzivo rwakakwana.
Gore 2022 igore rakakosha kuti China itange rwendo rutsva rwekuvaka nyika yemazuva ano yesocialist uye kufora vakananga kuchinangwa chezana ramakore rechipiri.. Mugore idzva, isu ticharamba tichitora hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji uye kuvaka brand sesimba rekutyaira, tarisa pakusimudzira kwemhando yepamusoro, take “carbon peak, carbon-neutral” senzira, tora kugadziridzwa kwemaindasitiri, wedzera cheni yemaindasitiri uye “Internet+” application uye kukwidziridzwa senzira, tarisa paValue-added services, kukurudzira kuchengetedza simba uye kushandiswa kwakakwana, uye kusimudzira indasitiri kune yakasvibira kutenderera yakaderera-kabhoni, innovation-inofambiswa uye yepamusoro-soro uye inobudirira kusimudzira nekusimudzira. China Kuvaka uye Sanitary Ceramics Association icharamba ichitamba inotungamira, coordinating, basa rekuita mukugonesa mabhizinesi uye kuperekedza budiriro yesainzi yeindasitiri.
