Likarolo tsa Brazil | Mmaraka oa Litlholisano oa Oligopoly o Busoang ke Likhamphani tsa Machabeng a Machabeng a Satary Ware

Brazil, e le e 'ngoe ea linaha tse hlano tse holimo ka ho fetisisa tse hlahisang thepa ea bohloeki lefatšeng, e busoa ke li-conglomerates tse ngata tsa lichaba tse ngata, tse entseng mokhoa oa 'maraka oa oligopolistic mme li etsa ketane ea tlhahiso ea lefatše lohle. Bolaoli ba lisebelisoa tse kholo tsa tlhahiso ea indasteri, e tšehelitsoe ke lik'hamphani tse tlase tsa thepa le mebaraka ea lichelete, haholo e bonahatsa matla a oligopoly ea Brazil.

Ho latela lintlha tsa MME2020, Brazil e na le 26 libaka tse kholo le tse mahareng tsa tlhahiso ea lirafshoa tsa bohloeki, e fumanehang literekeng tse robeli. Tlhahiso e kholo e kenyelletsa likotlolo, Matloana, urtinals, etc., tseo boemo ba 'maraka sehlopheng ka seng li: ntloana (ka tanka) (37%); Basin (25%); ntloana (ntle le tanka) (20%); beisine ea litšiea (10%); tebela (5%); moroto (3%). Kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea hona joale ke 22 Limitisi tsa milione.

Ho latela kameho ea MME, tlhahiso ea lirafshoa tsa bohloeki qalong e ne e lebisitsoe metseng e 'maloa e karolong e ka boroa-bochabela ea Brazil, le lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, ka mokhoa oa ho arola liindasteri, butle-butle e ile ea abeloa liprofinse tse robeli, ho eketsa palo ea limela ho 20. Sebaka sa Jundiai se ka boroa-bochabela ho Brazil se etsa sehlopha sa mantlha sa thepa ea bohloeki ea letsopa naheng..

Mohloli: MME, Kichine & Bath

Rio de Janeiro

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ha tlhahiso e lebisitsoe ka lihlopha tse kholo, the head spillover effect e lebisitse ho hlaheng ha lik'hamphani tse nyane tsa lehae tse sebetsanang le thepa ea boleng bo tlase hape. (limela tse 'nè ka leboea-bochabela le tse tharo seterekeng sa Minas Gerais). Le hoja lik'hamphani tsena tse nyenyane li nka chelete e ka tlaase ho 10% ea karolo ea 'maraka oa lehae oa Brazil, hape ke matšoao a bohlokoa a hore na Brazil e tla khona ho ba le tikoloho e ntle ea indasteri nakong e tlang pele ho nako.

Mebaraka ea setso ea Brazil le ea maemo a holimo e ja boholo ba tlhahiso ea lehae. Ka lehlakoreng la kantle ho naha, ho 2012, 2013 le 2014, diyantle di tlaleha kgaello, ho khutlela setloaeling ho tloha 2015. Ho 2018, diyantle kaofela kaofela 233,000 Lithane, keketseho ea 20% selemo le selemo. E fihlile $38.8 limilione tse romelloang kantle ho naha, keketseho ea 12% selemo le selemo. Lipheo tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa ho romela thepa e ne e le United States le Paraguay.

2015-2019 Brazil Sanitary Ceramics Thepa le Thepa e Ntle

Ho latela lipalo, ho 2008, ho ne ho e-na le hoo e ka bang 7,500 mesebetsi indastering ea thepa ea bohloeki naheng ea Brazil. Kakaretso ea ho lula sebakeng se seng le se seng sa tlhahiso e ne e le hoo e ka bang 235 likotoana/mosebetsi/khoeli kapa 280 likotoana/mosebetsi/selemo. Lifeme tsa Brazil tse nang le boemo bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba ho iketsetsa li bile le tlhahiso ea 300 likotoana/mosebetsi/khoeli, boemo bo ts'oanang ba tlhahiso le lik'hamphani tse etellang pele tsa machaba. Tlhahiso e fokolang ka har'a naha e ka 180 likotoana/mosebetsi/khoeli.

Peeletso e e batlegang go beeletsa mo polanteng ya segompieno mo nageng e ka nna R50 milione (ka RMB 57.7 milione), ka matla a khoeli le khoeli a hoo e ka bang 80,000 likotoana. Ho kopana le kholo ea tlhahiso ea Brazil ho tloha 2010 ho 2030, kakaretso ea matsete e lebelletsoe ho fihla ho R$1.2 ho isa ho R2.4 bilione nakong ena.

Tumellano e saenetsoe 2003 pakeng tsa baetsi ba karolo le Lenaneo la Boleng le Tlhahiso ea Brazilian (PBQP) e thehile tlhokahalo ea hore matloana ha aa tlameha ho hohola ho feta 6 lilithara, ho sa tsotelehe sistimi e sebelisang metsi, 'me e tlameha ho boloka bokhoni bo sebetsang ba ho phunya. Hajoale, 6-matloana a lithara a nka sebaka sa matloana a lithara tse 15 naheng.

Mohloli oa matla bakeng sa indasteri ea ho hlapela ea Brazil le eona haholo-holo ke khase ea tlhaho, hammoho le motlakase o hlokahalang ho tsamaisa lisebelisoa lifemeng tsa indasteri.

Khakanyo ea tšebeliso ea khase ea tlhaho e fapana ho tloha 153 m3/ton ho 388 m3/ton, ka karolelano ea hoo e ka bang 306 m3/ton. Litefiso tsa tšebeliso ea motlakase li ne li fapana ho tloha ho 500 kWh/ton ho 900 kWh/ton, ka karolelano ea 650 kWh/ton. Boholo ba liindasteri tsa Brazil li sebetsa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le mekhoa ea tšebeliso ea matla ea linaha tse kholo tse hlahisang lefatše.