Izici zaseBrazil | I-Oligopoly Competition Market Iphethwe Izinkampani Ezihlukahlukene Zamazwe NgamaSanitary Ware

Brazil, njengelinye lamazwe amahlanu aphezulu akhiqiza izinto zokuhlanzeka emhlabeni, ubuswa yinqwaba yama-conglomerates ezizwe ngezizwe, ezakhe iphethini yemakethe ye-oligopolistic futhi zakha uchungechunge lokukhiqiza lomhlaba wonke. Ukubusa kwezindawo ezinkulu zokukhiqiza izimboni, kusekelwa izinkampani zempahla eluhlaza kanye nezimakethe ezinkulu, kakhulu kukhombisa amandla e-oligopoly yaseBrazil.

Ngokusho kwedatha ye-MME2020, IBrazil inakho 26 izindawo ezinkulu nezimaphakathi zokukhiqiza izitsha zobumba ezihlanzekile, ezifundazweni eziyisishiyagalombili. Ukukhiqizwa okuyinhloko kuhlanganisa imicengezi, izindlu zangasese, izindawo zokuchama, njll., okuyisimo semakethe esigabeni ngasinye: indlu yangasese (ngethangi) (37%); indishi (25%); indlu yangasese (ngaphandle kwethangi) (20%); umcengezi wekholomu (10%); usinki (5%); ukuchama (3%). Ingqikithi yokukhiqiza yamanje 22 amayunithi ayisigidi.

Ngokusho kwe-MME's combing, ukukhiqizwa kwezitsha zobumba ezihlanzekile ekuqaleni kwakugxile emadolobheni ambalwa aseningizimu-mpumalanga yeBrazil, futhi kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, ngenqubo yokusatshalaliswa kwezimboni, kancane kancane yasatshalaliswa ezifundazweni eziyisishiyagalombili, ukwandisa inani lezitshalo ukuze 20. Isifunda saseJundiai eningizimu-mpumalanga yeBrazil sakha iqoqo eliyinhloko lempahla ye-ceramic sanitary ware ezweni..

Umthombo: MME, Ikhishi & Ukugeza

I-Rio de Janeiro

Eminyakeni yakamuva, lapho ukukhiqizwa sekugxilwe ngamaqembu amakhulu, umphumela we-head spillover uholele ekuqhamukeni kwezinkampani ezincane zasendaweni ezisebenza ngempahla esezingeni eliphansi futhi (izitshalo ezine eNyakatho-mpumalanga kanye nezintathu esifundazweni saseMinas Gerais). Nakuba lezi zinkampani ezincane zibalelwa ngaphansi 10% yesabelo semakethe yasendaweni eBrazil, futhi ziyizinkomba ezibalulekile zokuthi iBrazil izokwazi yini ukuba nemvelo yezimboni ezwakalayo esikhathini esizayo kusenesikhathi.

Izimakethe zendabuko nezisezingeni eliphezulu zaseBrazil zisebenzisa ukukhiqizwa kwasendaweni okuningi. Ohlangothini lokuthekelisa, phakathi 2012, 2013 futhi 2014, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kubhale okushodayo, ukubuyela kokujwayelekile kusuka 2015. Ku 2018, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle sekuphelele 233,000 amathani, ukwanda kwe 20% unyaka nonyaka. Yafinyelela $38.8 izigidi ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, ukwanda kwe 12% unyaka nonyaka. Izinhloso ezinkulu zokuthekelisa kwakuyi-United States neParaguay.

2015-2019 I-Brazil Sanitary Ceramics Ukungenisa Nokuthekelisa

Ngokwezibalo, phakathi 2008, kwakukhona mayelana 7,500 imisebenzi embonini yezimpahla zenhlanzeko eBrazil. Isilinganiso sokuhlala kweyunithi ngayinye yokukhiqiza sasicishe sibe 235 izingcezu/isisebenzi/inyanga noma 280 izingcezu/isisebenzi/unyaka. Amafekthri aseBrazil anezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzela abe nokukhiqiza 300 izingcezu/isisebenzi/inyanga, izinga elifanayo lokukhiqiza njengezinkampani ezihamba phambili zamazwe ngamazwe. Ukukhiqiza okuncane ezweni kumayelana 180 izingcezu/isisebenzi/inyanga.

Imali edingekayo ukuze kutshalwe embonini yesimanje ezweni ilinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-R50 (mayelana ne-RMB 57.7 izigidi), ngomthamo wanyanga zonke cishe 80,000 izicucu. Ukuhlangabezana nokukhula kokukhiqizwa kweBrazil kusuka 2010 ku 2030, isamba sokutshalwa kwezimali kulindeleke ukuthi sifinyelele ku-R1.2 kuya ku-R2.4 wezigidigidi kulesi sikhathi.

Kusayinwe isivumelwano 2003 phakathi kwabakhiqizi esigabeni kanye nohlelo lwe-Brazilian Quality and Productivity (I-PBQP) wasungula imfuneko yokuthi izindlu zangasese akufanele zigezwe ngaphezu kwalokho 6 ugesi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isistimu yokuwasha esetshenziswayo, futhi kufanele igcine umthamo wokuphonswa ngendlela ephumelelayo. -Njengamanje, 6-izindlu zangasese ezingamalitha zithatha indawo yezindlu zangasese ezingamalitha angu-15 kuleli.

Umthombo wamandla embonini yokugezela yaseBrazil futhi ikakhulukazi igesi yemvelo, kanye nogesi odingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe imishini ezimbonini zezimboni.

Ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo okulinganiselwe kuyehluka kusukela 153 m3/ton kuye 388 m3/thani, ngesilinganiso cishe 306 m3/thani. Amazinga okusetshenziswa kukagesi asukela ku 500 kWh/ton kuya 900 kWh/ton, ngesilinganiso se 650 kWh/ton. Izitshalo eziningi zezimboni eBrazil zisebenza ngendlela efana nephethini yokusetshenziswa kwamandla emazweni amakhulu akhiqizayo emhlabeni.