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Ikhishi Loqobo kanye Nemboni Yasegumbini Lokugezela Evamile Yezindaba Zekhishi Nemininingwane Yegumbi Lokugeza
Muva nje, “ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon” sekuyindaba eshisayo yokubambisana kwezwe lonke ekuphathweni kwesimo sezulu kanye nezindaba zemvelo. I-the united states, i-European Union, e-United Kingdom, Japan, INingizimu Korea, Singapore kanye nezinye ngaphezu kwalokho 50 amazwe amemezele ukufeza “ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon” maphakathi nekhulu lama-21. I-China iphinde yamemezela ukuthi izolwela ukufeza ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwe-CO2 nge 2030 kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon by 2060. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iChina, njengezwe elikhulukazi elisathuthuka emhlabeni, izozuza ukwehliswa okuphezulu kakhulu kwamandla okukhishwa kwekhabhoni emhlabeni jikelele, okungangabazeki ukuthi kuzoba yimpi enzima.
“Ikhabhoni engathathi hlangothi” isiphenduke umnyakazo omkhulu oshanela umhlaba, yonke i-ceramics yendabuko, imboni yezimpahla zenhlanzeko, ngokungangabazeki inselele enkulu. E-China kulo nyaka, “amaseshini amabili”, “i-carbon peak” “i-carbon neutral” yabhalwa embikweni womsebenzi kahulumeni okokuqala ngqa. “Ikhabhoni engathathi hlangothi” izoba yindaba yamabhizinisi ezimpahla zenhlanzeko angakwazi ukuhambahamba. Okwamanje, amanye amabhizinisi ezimpahla zenhlanzeko abe ukuthengwa kwezinto eziluhlaza ohlelweni lokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi.
Ekupheleni kukaNdasa kulo nyaka, i-Tianjin Emissions Exchange kanye ne-United Equatorial ngemva kokuhlolwa okuphelele, inqume ukuthi imali engenayo yebhizinisi le-Arrow Home ngokwengxenye itholakala emkhakheni wemboni yohlaza. I-Arrow Home ithe kuzosiza umnotho waseChina ukuthi wonge ugesi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, uguquko oluluhlaza kanye nekhabhoni ephansi, ukufeza umgomo wamasu we “i-carbon peak, i-carbon neutral”, kanye nokwenza ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukonga amandla kanye nokuncishiswa kokukhishwa kwemfucuza kanye neminye imithwalo yemfanelo yomphakathi.
ILixil Group yaseJapan yamemezela ngo-Ephreli ukuthi izitshalo zayo eDa Nang, Vietnam, Jiangmen, China kanye Monterrey, IMexico ayithathi hlangothi ngekhabhoni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zonke izitshalo eziyisishiyagalombili ezisezingxenyeni zayo ezikhiqizayo manje azinacarbon. Ngaphambilini iLixil Group itshala eHemer, Lahr, Isango laseWestfalica, U-Albergaria kanye no-Klaeng baba ne-carbon neutral ngo-April 2020.
Umthelela we “i-carbon neutral” ebhizinisini lokugezela libanzi, ikakhulukazi imboni yokugezela izobhekana noshintsho olukhulu endleleni amandla anikezwa ngayo. Ngokusho kwe-European Ceramic Industry Association, I-akhawunti yabakhiqizi be-ceramic ye-EU 23% ukukhiqizwa kwe-ceramic emhlabeni jikelele, ukukhiqizwa kwe-ceramic value 28 ama-euro ayizigidigidi. Imithombo yamandla embonini ye-ceramic yaseYurophu yigesi yemvelo nogesi, accounting for 85 iphesenti, 15 iphesenti. Ukufeza “i-carbon neutral” kufanele uyeke igesi yemvelo, nakuba abanye abenzi benqubomgomo bekhuthaza ukwesekwa kwe-European supply decarbonization, imboni ye-ceramic kusuka kugesi yemvelo kuya kumakhilni kagesi, akusona isixazululo sezomnotho esikhathini esizayo esikhona manje.
I-European Ceramic Industry Association ikholelwa ukuthi indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kukaphethiloli ngenxa yokushiswa kwezinga eliphezulu lokushisa iwukuba esikhundleni segesi yemvelo ufake i-biogas noma i-syngas evela kudoti wemvelo noma izinto eziphilayo., kanye nokubuyisela kabusha amahhanisi akhona. Nokho, i-biogas yamanje ibiza kakhulu, 2-3 izikhathi ezibiza kakhulu kunegesi yemvelo.
Inhlangano ikholelwa ukuthi uma umgomo we 2050 wukuyeka ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo ngezinga elikhulu esikhundleni se-biogas, ama-syngas noma eminye imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, imboni ye-ceramics idinga ukuqinisekisa ukusimama, ukufinyelela okungaphazamiseki futhi okuthengekayo kulawa maphethiloli ahlukile kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthembekile. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba izikloni kufanele zihlale zisebenza ngendlela eqhubekayo futhi azikwazi ukumiswa ngenxa yezinkinga zokuphakelwa kukagesi.
Ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile i-European Ceramic Industry Association obubona njengempumelelo embonini ye-ceramic esikhathini esizayo.
Ukucindezela kweYurophu kobuchwepheshe bogesi wekhabhoni ephansi obuzonciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni embonini ye-ceramics ngeke kusebenze kakhulu kuze kube 2050. Ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuningi ekukhiqizeni kwe-ceramic kuvela kumafutha, futhi kudingeka izinyathelo ezisebenza ngempumelelo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuphumelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ezinqubweni zomlilo kuseyinselele enkulu kwezinye izindawo. Ukwenyuka kwezindleko zezinkampani ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bukagesi onekhabhoni ephansi nakanjani kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ekuqhudelaneni komhlaba wonke kwemboni yezitsha zobumba zaseYurophu..
Ngokwalesi sizathu, I-Cerame-Unie ithuthukise imodeli yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ekhombisa ukwehla okungaba khona okungafinyelelwa phakathi 1990 futhi 2050. Izibalo zamamodeli zisekelwe kudatha yangempela yokukhishwa kwesitini, uthayela ophahleni, izimboni ze-ceramic zodonga nezaphansi, okuyinto akhawunti mayelana 90% ukukhishwa okuphelele kwayo yonke imboni ye-ceramic.
Imodeli yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 1990-2050 (A: I-kiln engafaki ugesi B: ukufakwa kukagesi eziko)
Ngokusho kwalo modeli, imboni ye-ceramics ye-EU izodinga ukuthi ibe nobuchwepheshe obuphumelelayo, vikela eminye imithombo kaphethiloli kanye nosizo lwezezimali ukuze kuzuzwe izinjongo zokunciphisa ukungcola okufana nalezo ezibekwe yi-EU. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwezitsha zobumba kudinga ukufaka amandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zikhona ezinye izinselele.
I-European Ceramic Industry Association iphakamisa ukuthi i-EU “i-carbon neutral” kumele yenze isivumelwano sesimo sezulu esibopha ngokomthetho ukuze kubhekwane nokuziphatha kwezimbangi zase-Europe ze-ceramic ezifana namazwe e-BRICS., iGibhithe, Mexico, INingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nakwamanye amazwe izinkampani ze-ceramic okufanele zigwenywe “ukuvuza kwe-carbon.
