Iindaba zeVeki EZihlanu Izizathu Zokonyuka koThutho elwandle

Ukususela ekwindla ye 2020, iindleko zokuthumela ngenqanawa zonyuka ngamandla, kodwa kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala zalo nyaka, Amazinga omthwalo womthwalo owomileyo kunye neekhonteyina kwiindlela ezinkulu zorhwebo zibone ukunyuka okutsha. Xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo, amaxabiso othutho kwiindlela ezininzi zorhwebo aphindaphindeke kathathu, kunye namaxabiso eenqanawa zokubhatala iinqanawa nawo abone ukunyuka okufanayo.

Kukho phantse akukho phawu lokukhululeka kwixesha elifutshane, ngoko amaxabiso othutho angaqhubeka nokunyuka kwisiqingatha sesibini salo nyaka, ngenxa yokuba ukukhula komthamo wokuthutha kulinganiselwe, ukutshatyalaliswa kweebhloko zengingqi kuyaqhubeka nokuba nefuthe kwimarike, kwaye ukukhula kwemfuno yehlabathi akwanelanga. Yanelisa. Nokuba umthamo omtsha wongezwa, inkampani ye-liner iya kulawula izithuthi ngokusebenzayo ngakumbi, kwaye isantya somthwalo siya kuhlala sikwinqanaba eliphezulu kunangaphambi kwalo bhubhani.

 

Nazi izizathu ezihlanu zokuba kutheni iindleko zingayi kuhla kwixesha elifutshane.

 

1.Ukungalingani okuqhubelekayo kwihlabathi kunyuse amaxabiso

Iingxaki eziye zaqokelela ukususela ekuqaleni kobhubhane ziquka: a. Ukungalingani kwimveliso kunye nemfuno yempahla, b. Ukuvalwa kunye nokuvulwa kwamazwe ahlukeneyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, c. Iinkampani zokuthumela ngenqanawa zinciphisa umthamo weendlela ezinkulu, kunye d. Kukho ukunqongophala kwezikhongozeli ezingenanto. Ngokuchacha kancinci koqoqosho, imfuno yehlabathi iye yomelela, ngakumbi kwishishini lokuthumela ngenqanawa, enxibelelene kakhulu norhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe lwempahla. Ngokuvulwa ngakumbi koqoqosho olwahlukeneyo kunye nokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwe-inventri kuwo onke amakhonkco ekhonkco lonikezelo., iimfuno zomthamo wokuthutha ziphezulu nangakumbi.

2.Ngaphandle kokuthumela ngenqanawa, kukho iindlela ezimbalwa zokukhetha

 

Ukunqongophala kwezinye iindlela zokuthumela ngenqanawa kuthetha ukuba okwangoku kunzima ukunqanda ukunyuka kweendleko zothutho. Kwiimveliso ezinexabiso eliphezulu, ezifana neemveliso zombane, ezinye iindlela ezinjengomoya okanye uloliwe zidla ngokukhethelwa ukuthuthwa, ezinje ngololiwe. Nangona kunjalo, umthamo wangoku ulinganiselwe, kwaye namazinga othutho nawo anyuke kakhulu. Kubathumeli beemveliso zexabiso eliphantsi njengempahla yasekhaya, izinto zokudlala, izinto zokuthengisa, okanye izikipa, umyinge weendleko zokuthumela ngenqanawa kwiindleko zokuthenga unyukile ukusuka malunga 5% ngaphezulu kwe 20%, oku kuthetha ukuba abathengi banokuqala ukuva ixabiso Impembelelo yokunyuka okanye utshintsho lokubonelela ngemveliso.

 

3.Ukuchacha okungalungelelananga kwehlabathi ku 2021

Inqanaba lokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwamanye amazwe ligqithile ngaphambi kokuba kuqhambuke, ngelixa kwamanye amazwe, njengeUnited States, inqanaba lothunyelo kumazwe angaphandle lisalele emva kwenqanaba lemveliso lilonke. Urhwebo ngempahla luya kukhula ngakumbi, hayi kula mazwe arhwebayo kuphela, kodwa amanye amazwe angamahlakani ezorhwebo nawo aya kuqhubeka ebuyela kwimeko yawo entle.

Njengoko iimfuno zokuthumela umthamo ziya kuqhubeka zikhona, ukuchacha okungalungelelananga kwehlabathi kuya kuqhubeka kwandisa ezinye zeengxaki zorhwebo lwehlabathi, kubandakanya “bagxothiwe” izitya ezingenanto, nto leyo eya kubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kumaxabiso othutho kwixesha elifutshane.

 

4.Ukunciphisa uhambo olungenanto kuya kunceda ukuthomalalisa izithintelo zomthamo

Ngomlinganiselo wehlabathi, umthamo weendlela ezinkulu ubuyele kwinqanaba eliphambi kwe 2020 ibhlokhi, nangona uhambo olungenanto kwikota yokuqala lunciphise umthamo ocetyiweyo ngo 10%. Kukho iimpawu zokuphucuka kule kota. Ngokwesicwangciso sangoku sezithuthi, inani leehambo ezingenanto 4%. Kodwa ukurhoxiswa kohambo ukusa kumlinganiselo othile yimpendulo ekulibazisekeni, kwaye kuyanyanzeleka ukuba irhoxise. Ngoko ke, nangona inkqubo yothutho isaqinile, umthamo omncinci womthamo usenokuncitshiswa ngexesha elifutshane ukujongana nokulibaziseka.

5.Ukuxinana kwezibuko kunye nokuvalwa kuyaqhubeka kubangela ukulibaziseka

 

Kanye njengekhonkco phakathi kokurhoxiswa kohambo kunye nokulibaziseka kohambo, Ukuxinana yinxalenye yengxaki. Ukusebenza ngenqanawa kwi 2021 iyaqhubeka imeko ku 2020. Umyinge weenqanawa ezihamba njengoko kucwangcisiwe wehlile, kunye nexesha eliqhelekileyo lokulibaziseka kweenqanawa ezishiywe lixesha linyukile.

Kukho imiqondiso yokuba ukusebenza kweenqanawa kuya kuphucula, ngenxa yokuba umlinganiselo weenqanawa ezifika ngexesha awuzange wehle ngo-Epreli, kunye nexesha lokulibaziseka eliphakathi kweenqanawa nalo liqalisile ukuphucuka, kodwa ukusebenza ngokubanzi kuselelona nqanaba lisezantsi kwishumi leminyaka.

Ngaxeshanye, lo bhubhani usabangela umonakalo. Umzekelo, ekuqaleni kukaJuni, izibuko laseYantian, izibuko lesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni, ivalwe ngephanyazo. Nangona ishishini liphinde laqala, ukuxinana kunye namanyathelo okuthintela ubhubhane kuthetha ukuba ukulibaziseka kuya kwanda. Nangona inkqubela yenziwe ekugonyeni e-China nakwamanye amazwe amakhulu orhwebo, kuya kuthatha ixesha ukuseka ugonyo, ngoko kukho umngcipheko wokuphazamiseka kwezibuko kwiinyanga ezizayo.

Ukonyuka okukhulu komthamo weekhonteyina kuya kunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamaxabiso, kodwa kuya kufuneka emva koko 2023.

 

Ngexesha yendyikitya yesifo esibulalayo, Inkampani iphumelele ukusebenza kakuhle kwezemali. Kwiinyanga ezintlanu zokuqala ze 2021, iiodolo ezintsha zokwakha iinqanawa zeenqanawa zifikelele kwirekhodi 229, ngomthamo opheleleyo wempahla 2.2 million TEU. Xa umthamo omtsha ufikelela 2023, xa umthamo omtsha ulungele ukusetyenziswa, iya kuzisa a 6% ukwanda kwamandla, kodwa ukuchithwa kweenqanawa ezindala akulindelekanga ukuba kuthintele oku kwanda.

Njengoko ukukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi kungena kwinqanaba lokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, ukwanda okuzayo komthamo kuya kubeka uxinzelelo olusezantsi kwiindleko zokuthumela ngenqanawa, kodwa izinga lomthwalo lisenokungabuyeli kumanqanaba aphambi kobhubhane, kuba iinkampani zokuthumela ngenqanawa zibonakala zifunde ukuba ngcono kwiimanyano zazo Ukulawula umthamo.

Konke kwinto enye, kwixesha elifutshane, ngenxa yokukhula ngakumbi kwimfuno kunye nezithintelo ezifana nokuxinana kwamazibuko, amaxabiso othutho anokufikelela kumanqanaba amatsha. Nokuba izithintelo zamandla zinokuncitshiswa, amaxabiso omthwalo asenokuhlala ekwinqanaba eliphezulu kunangaphambi kobhubhane.

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